Because slow neutrons are the most efficient way to cause U235 to fission. The U235 nucleus is said to have a large cross section for the capture of slow neutrons, much larger than for fast neutrons.
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Fast neutrons are less efficient in causing fission reactions compared to thermal neutrons because they have higher energy and tend to bounce off nuclei rather than being absorbed. This makes it harder to sustain a chain reaction in a reactor. Additionally, fast neutrons produce more radioactive waste and have higher chances of causing undesirable side reactions in the reactor.
If the question is how are nuetrons seperated in the first place, then it is due to an imbalence in the nucleas causing fission where as (depending on circumstances and decay type) fire off a nuetron, or the substance absorbs it and ballences itself accordingly- beta, gamma, positron e.c.t.
If the question is how to slow it once released then it is like that of a moderator in a nuclear reactor/ by having it continuously 'hit' other (ushally smaller yet sodium, graphite and heavy water are common) nuclei it slows its kenetic energy, ushally to about 1 EV/ 2 kms^(-1) depending on size (gazillions of variabilitys but you get the gist).
Source: Physics Student.
The crosssection for neutron capture by uranium-238 is very high for fast neutrons but low for slow neutrons. Each neutron captured by uranium-238 is one less to fission uranium-235.
A reactor can work on fast neutrons, but then it needs most of the uranium-238 removed. That means it has to use weapons grade uranium.
Breeder reactors do use fast neutrons, but they have no moderator and must use highly enriched uranium ( > 20% Uranium-235).
Also bombs use fast neutrons.
Neutrons are small, and fast, they split the nucleus of the atom, therefore releasing massive amounts of energy.
Only neutron is used for nuclear fission because neutrons are neutrally charged particles and hence can hit the positively charged nuclei more conveniently.
The bullet that starts a fission reaction is a neutron. When a neutron collides with the nucleus of a fissile isotope, such as uranium-235, it can induce the nucleus to undergo fission, releasing more neutrons and a large amount of energy.
A neutron is the particle required to continue the chain process of Uranium fission. When a Uranium-235 nucleus absorbs a neutron, it becomes unstable and splits into two smaller nuclei, releasing energy and additional neutrons that can then go on to induce further fission reactions in nearby nuclei.
Nuclear bombs use either nuclear fission or a combination of both fission and fusion reactions. Fission bombs rely on the splitting (fission) of heavy atomic nuclei like uranium or plutonium, while fusion bombs combine lighter atomic nuclei like hydrogen isotopes to release energy through nuclear fusion reactions.
Usually uranium with various U-235 percentages.
The nucleus splits to form two or more smaller nuclei.