Costs increase as output increases due to the concept of economies of scale. Initially, as production increases, costs per unit decrease as fixed costs are spread out. However, eventually, diminishing returns set in, causing costs to rise as more resources are needed to produce each additional unit.
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Increasing the input force or the distance over which the force is applied can increase the work output of a simple machine. Reducing friction within the machine can also help to increase its efficiency and work output.
The efficiency curve typically increases at first because as output increases, fixed costs are spread over more units, leading to greater efficiency. However, after reaching a certain point, diminishing returns set in as additional output causes production costs to rise due to factors like resource constraints or increased complexity, resulting in a decrease in efficiency.
As the efficiency of a machine increases, the output of the machine for a given input also increases. This means that the machine can do more work with the same amount of energy input. Additionally, the operating costs of the machine may decrease as efficiency improves, since less energy is wasted.
The output work done by the machine increases as the efficiency of the machine increases. This is because efficiency is the ratio of useful work output to the total work input, so as efficiency increases, more of the input work is converted into useful output work.
As output increases, average physical product initially increases due to specialization and efficient resource allocation. However, it eventually starts to decline due to diminishing returns, whereby each additional unit of input produces smaller increases in output.