It is because the letters makes The Eye reflect back into the chart
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The letters on an eye chart are laterally inverted to prevent individuals from recognizing the letters based on prior knowledge or memory. By presenting the letters in a mirrored or inverted manner, it ensures that the test accurately measures visual acuity rather than simply relying on pattern recognition.
An inverted image with the eye refers to an image that is formed upside down on the retina of the eye. This happens because light rays coming from an object are refracted by the eye's lens and focused on the retina. The brain then processes this inverted image and interprets it as right side up.
The image formed in the eye is inverted due to the way light rays are refracted by the cornea and lens before they reach the retina. This inversion is a natural consequence of the optics of the eye but is corrected by the brain so that we perceive objects correctly.
Vision is measured using a standardized eye chart called the Snellen chart, which has rows of letters that decrease in size. Visual acuity, or sharpness of vision, is assessed by determining the smallest line of letters a person can read from a specific distance. Other methods to assess visual clarity include using a visual acuity test, contrast sensitivity test, and visual field test.
The lens in your eye helps to focus light onto the retina at the back of the eye. This inverted image is then converted into electrical signals that are sent to the brain for processing and interpretation.
As the concave mirror gets closer to your eye, the orientation of the image will change from upright to inverted. This is due to the changing focal length of the mirror, causing the light rays to converge differently. The closer the mirror gets, the more divergent the light rays will be, leading to an inverted image.