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Bertrand lens An accessory lens which may be inserted into the light path above the analyser in a transmitted-light microscope. When determining vibration directions or interference figures using parallel or convergent polarized light, the Bertrand lens is inserted to bring the image of the interference figures into focus. Alternatively, if the Bertrand lens is absent, the eyepiece may be removed and the vibration directions or interference figures observed by looking down the microscope tube. The lens was first used in 1878 by E. Bertrand who adapted an original (1844) design by G. B. Amici. In petrological Refractive Microscopes its applicability is more to determine the Mineral type by identifying the interference figures. it shows whether the mineral is Uniaxial or Biaxial and also +ve or _ve.

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What is the function of the lens in an electron microscope?

The lens in an electron microscope focuses and magnifies the electron beam to produce high-resolution images of tiny objects.


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Preserving fluid in the lab can cause protein denaturation in the lens, leading to changes in its structure. This can result in alterations to the transparency and refractive properties of the lens, affecting its overall function.


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What is the function of biconvex lens?

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