When waves are farther apart, it is referred to as having a longer wavelength.
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Infrared and radio waves have longer wavelengths, which means the particles are farther apart than in higher energy waves like ultraviolet or X-rays.
The regions in a sound wave where particles are farther apart are called rarefactions. This is where the pressure is lower compared to the surrounding areas.
A rarefaction is a decrease in density or pressure in a medium, typically related to the spreading out of waves. In the context of sound waves, rarefaction is the region in a longitudinal wave where the particles are farther apart.
Rarefactions.
Compressional waves, also known as longitudinal waves, move in a back-and-forth motion parallel to the direction of wave propagation. These waves cause particles in the medium to move closer together and farther apart as the wave passes through. Examples include sound waves and seismic waves.