Diverging lenses cause incoming light rays to spread out, or diverge, as they pass through the lens. This results in the rays appearing to come from a virtual focal point on the same side of the lens as the original light source.
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A concave lens can cause diverging light rays. The lens is thinner at the center than at the edges, causing light rays passing through it to spread out.
A lens brings diverging light rays to parallel tracks by refracting the light rays as they pass through the lens. The shape of the lens causes the light rays to converge and then diverge again, ultimately causing them to travel in parallel paths.
A converging lens is thicker in the center than at the edges and focuses light rays to a single point known as the focal point. In contrast, a diverging lens is thinner in the center and causes light rays to spread out.
Diverging lenses cause light rays to spread out, making the virtual image appear smaller when compared to the object. This is due to the way diverging lenses refract light, causing the rays to diverge away from each other, leading to a smaller image size.
Spherical mirrors, such as concave and convex mirrors, can produce both converging and diverging rays depending on the mirror's shape and orientation. Concave mirrors converge light rays to a focal point, while convex mirrors diverge light rays.