Velocity is said to have changed when either the speed or the direction of
motion changes. There are myriads of things that can cause it, including
jets, rubber bands, gravity, and friction.
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Two factors that can cause a change in velocity are acceleration, which is the rate of change of velocity, and the application of an external force. An increase in acceleration will cause a greater change in velocity over time, while the direction and magnitude of an external force can also affect the velocity of an object.
When you want to change an object's velocity, you have to overcome its inertia. Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes in its motion. By applying a force to the object, you can overcome this resistance and change its velocity.
Change in velocity is found by subtracting the initial velocity from the final velocity. Mathematically, it can be expressed as Δv = vf - vi, where Δv is the change in velocity, vf is the final velocity, and vi is the initial velocity.
The two factors that affect the kinetic energy of an object are its mass and its velocity. The kinetic energy of an object increases with both mass and velocity.
The two factors that affect an object's momentum are its mass and its velocity. Momentum is calculated as the product of an object's mass and its velocity, so changes in either of these factors will impact the momentum of the object.
The expression for average acceleration is given by the change in velocity divided by the time taken for that change. It can be written as: average acceleration (a) = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time.