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If an particle hits a gold nucleus in a head on collision the particle will not be deflected very much?
Correct, due to the massive size of the gold nucleus compared to the size of the incoming particle, the particle will not experience a large deflection in a head-on collision. This is because of the concentrated positive charge in a small space in the gold nucleus that causes a very strong Coulomb repulsion when the incoming particle gets close to it.
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Why does an alpha particle change direction when it hits gold foil?
An alpha particle changes direction when it hits gold foil because of the repulsion between the positively charged alpha particle and the positively charged nucleus of the gold atoms. As the alpha particle gets close to a nucleus, the electrostatic repulsion causes it to change direction or scatter. This experiment led to the discovery of the nucleus and revolutionized our understanding of atomic structure.
Who discovered the nucleus using his gold foil experiment?
Ernest Rutherford is the scientist who discovered the nucleus through his gold foil experiment in 1909. He observed that most of the alpha particles passed through the foil, but some were deflected, leading him to propose the existence of a dense, positively charged nucleus at the center of an atom.
What is the explanation for the scattering experiment of Rutherford?
Rutherford's scattering experiment involved firing alpha particles at a thin gold foil. Most alpha particles passed through undeflected, but some were deflected at large angles, and a few even bounced directly back. This led to the conclusion that atoms have a small, dense nucleus at their center, with the rest of the atom being mostly empty space.
Why did most of the alpha particles pass through the gold foil?
Most of the alpha particles passed through the gold foil because atoms are mostly empty space, and the alpha particle is small enough to pass through without colliding with the dense nucleus. This led to the discovery of the nucleus, as a few alpha particles were deflected or bounced back, indicating a dense, positively charged center in the atom.
Why alfa particles do not get attracted by the electrons present in the atom when gold foil is bambarded by positively charged helium ions?
Alpha particles are essentially helium nuclei, consisting of two protons and two neutrons, so they carry a double positive charge. The positive charge of the alpha particle and the positive charge of the nucleus repel each other, preventing the alpha particle from being attracted to the electrons surrounding the gold nucleus. This repulsion is what allows the alpha particles to pass through the gold foil without being significantly deflected.
If a particle hits a gold nucleus in a head-on collision?
If a particle hits a gold nucleus in a head-on collision, it can undergo nuclear reactions such as scattering or fusion. The outcome depends on the kinetic energy of the particle and the characteristics of the nucleus. The collision can result in the dispersal of particles, changes in atomic number, or the creation of new particles through nuclear reactions.
What did Rutherford call the region that deflected the alpha particles?
Rutherford called the region in the gold foil experiment that deflected alpha particles the "nucleus." He discovered that the positive charge and most of the mass of an atom were concentrated in this small, dense region.
Why does an alpha particle change direction when it hits gold foil?
An alpha particle changes direction when it hits gold foil because of the repulsion between the positively charged alpha particle and the positively charged nucleus of the gold atoms. As the alpha particle gets close to a nucleus, the electrostatic repulsion causes it to change direction or scatter. This experiment led to the discovery of the nucleus and revolutionized our understanding of atomic structure.
Who discovered the nucleus using his gold foil?
Rutherford by bombarding gold foil with positively charged particles and noting that some particles were widely deflected.
In one of the classic nuclear physics experiments at the beginning of the 20 century an alpha particle was accelerated towards a gold nucleus and its path was substantially deflected by the Coulomb?
This is the Rutherford experiment: discovery of the atomic nucleus.
Who discovered the nucleus using his gold foil experiment?
Ernest Rutherford is the scientist who discovered the nucleus through his gold foil experiment in 1909. He observed that most of the alpha particles passed through the foil, but some were deflected, leading him to propose the existence of a dense, positively charged nucleus at the center of an atom.
How did Rutherford know the nucleus was positively charged?
Rutherford conducted the famous gold foil experiment, where he observed that some alpha particles were deflected back at large angles when they passed through thin gold foil. This led him to propose that the positive charge of an atom is concentrated in a small, dense region called the nucleus.
How did the gold foil experiment prove an atom was mostly empty space?
In the gold foil experiment by Rutherford, most alpha particles passed through the gold foil, indicating that atoms are mostly empty space. The few particles that were deflected showed that the positive charge of the atom is concentrated in a small, dense nucleus, which explains why most of the particles passed through without being deflected.
What is the explanation for the scattering experiment of Rutherford?
Rutherford's scattering experiment involved firing alpha particles at a thin gold foil. Most alpha particles passed through undeflected, but some were deflected at large angles, and a few even bounced directly back. This led to the conclusion that atoms have a small, dense nucleus at their center, with the rest of the atom being mostly empty space.
What was the small positively charge particle which Rutherford directed at thin gold foil?
nucleus
What is the force of repulsion between an alpha particle and a gold nucleus when the alpha particle passes by the nucleus at a distance of 1pm?
The force of repulsion between the alpha particle and the gold nucleus can be calculated using Coulomb's law, given by F = k * (q1 * q2) / r^2, where k is the Coulomb constant, q1 and q2 are the charges of the particles, and r is the distance between them. Given the charges of an alpha particle and a gold nucleus, and the distance of 1pm, the force of repulsion can be calculated to be extremely large due to the proximity of the particles and the high charges involved.
Why did most of the alpha particles pass through the gold foil?
Most of the alpha particles passed through the gold foil because atoms are mostly empty space, and the alpha particle is small enough to pass through without colliding with the dense nucleus. This led to the discovery of the nucleus, as a few alpha particles were deflected or bounced back, indicating a dense, positively charged center in the atom.
