The process concept is necessary in studying operating systems as each task being carried out by the processor is represented by a process. Modern computers can process many tasks simultaneously.
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what are hierachies are used for process in operating systems
process
Also known as the process state, the execution context is the internal data the Operating system uses to control or supervise a process.
All of the information needed to keep track of a process when switching is kept in a data package called process control block.s A PCB is a data structure in the operating system kernel containing the information needed to manage a particular process. The PCB is the manifestation of a process in an operating system,
Regarding the basic working of the Processes in operating system you can check the video It explains the basic working of the process and handling by operating system with all its required data structure.