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Shakespeare uses the word "partisans" twice in Romeo and Juliet and once in Cymbeline. This is one of the unusual cases where the meaning of the word is not the common meaning nowadays, and this is because of the march of technology. A partisan was a type of spear, a long-handled weapon with a blade at the end, and a wide crosspiece, so that it looked rather like a shortsword mounted on the end of a long handle. "Pikes" and "Bills" are other similar spearlike weapons, which are lumped together with them. Thus "make him with our pikes and partisans a grave" from Cymbeline, and "Clubs, bills and partisans! Strike! Beat them down!" from Romeo and Juliet.

Soldiers don't get equipped with spears these days, so technical terms for different types of spear have rather fallen out of use.

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Q: What does partisans mean in shakespeare?
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