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There were several factors that contributed to the dominance of the Spanish in the new world. The Spanish had slightly better military equipment, in terms of armor and guns. The guns were terrible guns, by modern standards, but they were still more effective than spears, as well as being more frightening and mysterious, to people who had no previous experience of guns. The population of the new world was generally weakened by their own internal political divisions and could present no united opposition to the Spanish. They were further weakened by the spread of European diseases, especially smallpox, for which they had no immunity. And they were at a disadvantage because they had no knowledge of Spain. The Spanish were mysterious visitors of unknown origin with mysterious capabilities, and this resulted in a generally superstitious reaction to them.

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Q: Why were the spanish so dominant in the new world?
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