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Oxygen has less ionization enthalpy than fluorine because oxygen has a smaller nuclear charge compared to fluorine, leading to weaker attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. This makes it easier to remove an electron from an oxygen atom compared to a fluorine atom.
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Would you expect the second electron gain enthalpy of O as positive more negative or less negative than the first Justify your answer?
The second electron gain enthalpy of oxygen is expected to be less negative than the first. This is because adding a second electron to an already negatively charged ion becomes energetically unfavorable due to the increased repulsion between the negatively charged particles, making it less stable.
What is relation between hydration energy lattice energy and enthalpy of solution?
The enthalpy of solution is the sum of the lattice energy (energy required to break apart the crystal lattice) and the hydration energy (energy released when ions are solvated by water). If the final enthalpy of solution is negative, it indicates that the overall process is exothermic and favors dissolution in water. Conversely, a positive enthalpy of solution implies that the process is endothermic and less likely to occur spontaneously.
Which is more reactive radon or fluorine?
Fluorine is more reactive than radon. Fluorine is a highly reactive nonmetal, while radon is a noble gas that is fairly unreactive. Fluorine readily reacts with almost all other elements, while radon is less likely to undergo chemical reactions.
What element is less dense selenium or oxygen?
Oxygen is less dense than selenium. Oxygen has a density of about 1.43 grams per cubic centimeter, while selenium has a density of about 4.81 grams per cubic centimeter.
Why is bromine selective?
Bromine is less reactive than chlorine (and much less so than fluorine) so it is selective when it comes to halogenation substitution reactions.
Why fluorine cannot form oxyacids?
Fluorine can not form oxyacids because fluorine is more electronegative than oxygen, and oxyacids are formed only from elements that are less electronegative than oxygen.
Why would oxygen be less reactive than fluorine?
Oxygen is less reactive than fluorine because it has a higher electronegativity and a larger atomic size, leading to weaker attraction for electrons. This makes it less likely to form bonds with other elements compared to fluorine. Additionally, fluorine is a halogen with seven valence electrons, making it highly reactive in order to achieve a stable electron configuration.
Why does oxygen have less electronegativity than fluorine?
Fluorine has stronger nuclear charge and smaller atomic size compared to oxygen, which results in greater attraction for electrons in its outer shell, making it more electronegative than oxygen.
Why carbon is less electronegative than oxygen?
Carbon is less electronegative than oxygen because oxygen has a greater nuclear charge and smaller atomic size, leading to a stronger attraction for electrons. This makes oxygen more effective at attracting and holding onto electrons compared to carbon, resulting in a higher electronegativity for oxygen.
Would you expect the second electron gain enthalpy of O as positive more negative or less negative than the first Justify your answer?
The second electron gain enthalpy of oxygen is expected to be less negative than the first. This is because adding a second electron to an already negatively charged ion becomes energetically unfavorable due to the increased repulsion between the negatively charged particles, making it less stable.
Why the first ionisation energy of O is less than that of N?
The first ionization energy of oxygen is less than that of nitrogen because oxygen has a higher electron shielding effect due to its additional electron shell, making it easier to remove an electron from oxygen compared to nitrogen. This electron shielding effect reduces the effective nuclear charge felt by the outermost electrons in oxygen, thus requiring less energy to remove an electron.
Why does xenon reacts with only oxygen and fluorine but not other elements?
Xenon is a noble gas, which means it is generally unreactive. However, it can form compounds with oxygen and fluorine because they are highly electronegative elements that can pull electrons away from xenon, allowing it to bond. Other elements are typically less electronegative and cannot effectively form compounds with xenon.
Does Iodine have less electron affinity than fluorine?
No, iodine has less electron affinity than fluorine. Fluorine is more electronegative and has a higher electron affinity compared to iodine.
Why is the enthalpy change of combustion for methanol less negative than methane?
The enthalpy change of combustion for methanol is less negative than methane because methanol contains oxygen in its molecular structure, which results in a partial oxidation during combustion, leading to a lower heat release per mole compared to methane. Additionally, the presence of more carbon-hydrogen bonds in methane compared to methanol contributes to a higher enthalpy change of combustion for methane.
What is relation between hydration energy lattice energy and enthalpy of solution?
The enthalpy of solution is the sum of the lattice energy (energy required to break apart the crystal lattice) and the hydration energy (energy released when ions are solvated by water). If the final enthalpy of solution is negative, it indicates that the overall process is exothermic and favors dissolution in water. Conversely, a positive enthalpy of solution implies that the process is endothermic and less likely to occur spontaneously.
Is phosphorus electronegative?
Yes, phosphorus is electronegative. It is a nonmetal element located in the nitrogen group of the periodic table. However, phosphorus is less electronegative than elements like oxygen and fluorine.
Why EA of fluorine is less than chlorine?
Generally electron affinity goes up as you go from left to right across the periodic table, and decreases as you go down a column. However, fluorine is an exception -- and the element with the highest electron affinity is chlorine (note that the most electronegative element is fluorine however).The reason that the electron affinity is not as high as might otherwise be predicted for fluorine is that it is an extremely small atom, and so it's electron density is very high. Adding an additional electron is therefore not quite as favorable as for an element like chlorine where the electron density is slightly lower (due to electron-electron repulsion between the added electron and the other electrons in the electron cloud).Note that there are a number of other exceptions to the general rule of electron affinity increasing towards the upper right corner -- see the Related Questions links to the left for an explanation of some of those other exceptions.See also the Web Links to the left for more information about electron affinities and the fluorine-chlorine exception.
