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Protine Synthesis is explained below. The answer is in understanding the process itself.
This process can be divided into two parts:
1. Transcription
Before the synthesis of a protein begins, the corresponding RNA molecule is produced by RNA transcription. One strand of the DNA double helix is used as a template by the RNA polymerase to synthesize a messenger RNA (mRNA). This mRNA migrates from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. During this step, mRNA goes through different types of maturation including one called splicingwhen the non-coding sequences are eliminated. The coding mRNA sequence can be described as a unit of three nucleotides called a codon.
2. Translation
The ribosome binds to the mRNA at the start codon (AUG) that is recognized only by the initiator tRNA. The ribosome proceeds to the elongation phase of protein synthesis. During this stage, complexes, composed of an amino acid linked to tRNA, sequentially bind to the appropriate codon in mRNA by forming complementary base pairs with the tRNA anticodon. The ribosome moves from codon to codon along the mRNA. Amino acids are added one by one, translated into polypeptidic sequences dictated by DNA and represented by mRNA. At the end, a release factor binds to the stop codon, terminating translation and releasing the complete polypeptide from the ribosome.
One specific amino acid can correspond to more than one codon. The genetic code is said to be degenerate.
Cells must produce RNA from DNA in order to carry out essential cellular functions such as protein synthesis. RNA serves as a messenger molecule that carries genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm where proteins are made. This process is crucial for the proper functioning and regulation of cellular processes.
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Is DNA found in the nulcei of all cells?
Not all cells have a nucleus. Also nuclei is plural many cells only have one nucleus. Generally cells that have a nucleus have DNA in it. It is suspected that originally the nucleus of cells had RNA instead of DNA and it is suspected that some cells still have RNA in their nucleus. A number of viruses use RNA instead of DNA.
What types of cells contain RNA and DNA?
All living cells contain both RNA and DNA. RNA is involved in gene expression and protein synthesis, while DNA stores genetic information. These molecules are essential for cellular function and replication.
What is RNA polymerase and tell its functions?
RNA polymerase is an enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA molecules from a DNA template during transcription. It catalyzes the formation of phosphodiester bonds between ribonucleotides to produce an RNA strand complementary to the DNA template. RNA polymerase plays a crucial role in gene expression by transcribing the genetic information encoded in DNA into functional RNA molecules such as messenger RNA, transfer RNA, and ribosomal RNA.
Does transcription occur in DNA or RNA?
Transcription occurs in DNA to produce mRNA.
Why are DNA and rna importing to cells?
DNA carries the genetic information of a cell. WHen this information is needed, the genes are transferred to RNA
What is the important of the cells ability to copy single DNA sequence into RNA?
The ability to copy a single DNA sequence into RNA makes it possible for a single gene to produce hundreds or even thousands of RNA molecules.
Where is DNA and rna found?
In prokaryotic cells, DNA and RNA are both found in the cytoplasm. In eukaryotic cells, DNA is typically restricted to the nucleus and RNA is mostly in the cytoplasm.
What is the importance of a cells ability to copy a single DNA sequence into rna?
The process of copying a single DNA sequence into RNA, known as transcription, is crucial for protein synthesis in cells. This allows the genetic information stored in DNA to be used by the cell to produce specific proteins necessary for various cellular functions and processes. Additionally, transcription enables cells to regulate gene expression and respond to internal and external signals effectively.
Is DNA found in the nulcei of all cells?
Not all cells have a nucleus. Also nuclei is plural many cells only have one nucleus. Generally cells that have a nucleus have DNA in it. It is suspected that originally the nucleus of cells had RNA instead of DNA and it is suspected that some cells still have RNA in their nucleus. A number of viruses use RNA instead of DNA.
What types of cells contain RNA and DNA?
All living cells contain both RNA and DNA. RNA is involved in gene expression and protein synthesis, while DNA stores genetic information. These molecules are essential for cellular function and replication.
What is the importance of RNA Polymerase?
RNA polymerase is essential for gene transcription, as it catalyzes the synthesis of RNA using a DNA template. It plays a key role in gene expression and regulation by transcribing DNA into RNA, which is then translated into proteins. Without RNA polymerase, cells would not be able to produce the necessary proteins for their survival and function.
Which cells have DNA as their genetic material?
Haploid cells like sperm cells,ova,bacteria
What is RNA polymerase and tell its functions?
RNA polymerase is an enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA molecules from a DNA template during transcription. It catalyzes the formation of phosphodiester bonds between ribonucleotides to produce an RNA strand complementary to the DNA template. RNA polymerase plays a crucial role in gene expression by transcribing the genetic information encoded in DNA into functional RNA molecules such as messenger RNA, transfer RNA, and ribosomal RNA.
Does transcription occur in DNA or RNA?
Transcription occurs in DNA to produce mRNA.
Why are DNA and rna importing to cells?
DNA carries the genetic information of a cell. WHen this information is needed, the genes are transferred to RNA
Holds an organisms hereditary information?
In cells they are in DNA. In virus they are in DNA or RNA
What is the function of genetic material in a virus?
Viruses contain either DNA or RNA as their genetic material. Viruses containing RNA as their genetic material are called retrovirusesThe genome of a virus could either be:single or double stranded DNAsingle or double stranded RNA
