Rainfall is expressed in terms of depth (in inches or millimeters) rather than volume (in liters or gallons) because depth measurement provides a more standardized and comparable way to quantify the amount of rain that falls across different locations and time periods. It allows for easier comparison and analysis of rainfall data without the need to account for variations in surface area or other factors that volume measurement would entail.
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All Admirality charts now show depth in meters
The volume cannot be calculated from an area measurement (42 cm squared) because volume is a measure of cubic units (cm^3). To calculate volume, you would need a third dimension such as height or depth.
Because they measure how deep the rainfall is, they are not measuring the volume of the rain. The depth is measured because it is not important to know the total amount of rainfall that falls, because an area of indeterminant size is not so much affected by the total amount of water that falls, but the amount of water that falls on an area of given size, which is best represented by the depth of the moisture.
To convert square feet to cubic yards, you would need to know the depth or height of the area in feet. You would then multiply the square footage by the depth and then divide by 27 (since there are 27 cubic feet in a cubic yard) to get the measurement in cubic yards.
Yes, it is possible to perceive depth without a sense of volume. Depth perception relies on visual cues such as relative size, overlap, and shading to create the illusion of three-dimensional space, even if volume is not explicitly perceived.