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the interaction between sound waves is called interference.
Beats are a direct result of the difference in frequency between two sound waves that are interfering with each other. When two sound waves with slightly different frequencies overlap, they create a series of alternating constructive and destructive interference patterns, resulting in the perception of beats.
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The Doppler effect causes this phenomenon. As the sound source moves towards the observer, the sound waves are compressed, resulting in a higher perceived pitch and frequency.
Sound waves are longitudinal waves; they travel from side to side, not up and down like transverse waves.