Igneous rock usually appears with a well mixed texture without fossils, bands or layers, may contain vesicles (air bubbles or holes from trapped gases) and does not react with dilute acid.
Igneous rocks can:
Be glassy or frothy in appearance.
Be felsic, intermediate, mafic, or ultramafic in nature.
Be porous or full of bubbles.
Have large crystal structure like granites.
Have small crystal structure like basalts.
Have a combination of large and small interlocked crystals.
Be more dense than other rock types.
Have an interlocking crystalline structure.
Appear to be peppered with black specks.
Be light enough to float (pumice).
Igneous rocks run the gamut from white to black, glassy to coarse-grained.
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A common characteristic of extrusive igneous rocks is their fine-grained texture, which is a result of their rapid cooling at the Earth's surface. This rapid cooling prevents large mineral crystals from forming, leading to smaller crystals that are characteristic of extrusive rocks.
In addition to having small crystals, an extrusive igneous rock can:
Be glassy or frothy in appearance.
Be felsic, intermediate, mafic, or ultramafic in nature.
Be porous or full of bubbles.
Be light enough to float (pumice).
1. Crystalline in nature. 2. Do not contain fossils. 3. Mostly hard and massive. 4. Do not occur in beds. 5. High resistance to weathering and erosion.
Extrusive igneous rock can be: fine-grained/glassy in texture or vesicular - when compared to intrusive igneous rock.
There are so many rocks that can be classified as not a common extrusive igneous rock. The most common extrusive igneous rock is basalt. Extrusive rocks are formed as a result of lava solidifying.
Rhyolititcen rocks.
Some do. These are called extrusive igneous rocks. However a large portion of igneous rocks form beneath the surface. These are intrusive igneous rocks.
extrusive igneous rocks =/
Extrusive igneous rocks form from lava that cools quickly on the Earth's surface, leading to fine-grained texture. Examples of extrusive igneous rocks include basalt and rhyolite.