This is actually located in the brainstem in particular the medulla oblongata. This is the primitive part of the brain which we have no "concious" control over (it is autonomic) and ensures that we breathe above all costs (i.e. you can't forcibly hold your breath and suffocate yourself). This part of the brain however can be influenced by other parts of the brain which we do have control over.
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The respiratory center of the brain is located in the medulla oblongata, specifically in an area called the ventral respiratory group (VRG). This area is responsible for controlling the basic rhythm and pattern of breathing in response to levels of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the blood.
The brainstem is the respiratory rhythm generator. It is involved in involuntary breathing. Within the brainstem, the ventral respiratory group and the dorsal respiratory group are responsible for generating breathing rhythm and the pontine respiratory group regulates the pattern of that rhythm.
This fascinating system was first successfully described by Lumsden in the 1920s. He experimenting on cats - cutting their brain stems in different places. Not sure how ethical it would be nowadays but it was experiments like his that provide the basis for a lot of modern day physiology.
The brain stem is split into 3 regions. The two nearest the brain are known as the pons and the other is the medulla. The medulla connects onto the spinal cord. If the brain stem is cut above the pons (ie just below the brain) then breathing will continue as long as the vagus nerve is intact. This shows that the brain itself does not control ventilation but some part of the brain stem. Further experiments showed that it was the medulla the "Central Pattern Generator" and the parts of the pons are responsible for controlling the relative inspiration and exhalation phases.
The medulla sets the basic rhythm of breathing.
The pons centers smooth out the basic rhythm of inspiration and expiration set by the medulla.
The respiratory center is located in the brainstem, specifically in the medulla oblongata and pons. These regions of the brain control the basic rhythm and depth of breathing through signals to the muscles involved in respiration.
it's your lungs
The greatest stimulation on the respiratory center in the brain comes from an increase in carbon dioxide levels in the blood. This triggers the respiratory center to increase breathing rate to eliminate excess carbon dioxide and restore normal levels of oxygen in the blood.
The vision center of the brain is located at the back of the brain, in a region called the occipital lobe. This area is specifically responsible for processing visual information received from the eyes.
The respiratory control centers in the brain are primarily located in the medulla oblongata and pons, which are part of the brainstem. These regions regulate the rate and depth of breathing to maintain appropriate levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body.