I believe that is convection.
When the mantle is heated, the rock becomes less dense and buoyant. This causes the magma to rise due to convection currents in the mantle. As the magma rises, it can eventually reach the Earth's surface through volcanic eruptions.
Temperature differences in the mantle drive convection currents because warm material is less dense and rises, while cooler material is more dense and sinks. This movement creates a circular flow as the cooler material sinks and gets heated, while the warmer material rises and cools down. The density variations caused by the temperature differences are a key driver of convection in the mantle.
The motion created when heated material rises, cools, and then sinks is called convection. This process is driven by differences in temperature and density, with warmer, less dense material rising and cooler, denser material sinking. Convection is a key process in transferring heat and energy within the Earth's mantle and atmosphere.
Convection currents in the mantle play a role in the movement of tectonic plates by driving the process of plate tectonics. As heated material rises in the mantle and cooler material sinks, it creates a circular motion that drags the tectonic plates above it. This movement influences the direction and speed of plate motion.
Convection
Convection
Convection
Convection
I believe that is convection.
A rising convection current.
Convection
Convection.
When the heated part of the mantle rises through the Earth's crust, it can create volcanic activity as magma reaches the surface. This process is known as mantle convection and is responsible for the movement of tectonic plates and the formation of volcanic hotspots.
When the mantle is heated, the rock becomes less dense and buoyant. This causes the magma to rise due to convection currents in the mantle. As the magma rises, it can eventually reach the Earth's surface through volcanic eruptions.
This movement is an example of convection. As the mantle is heated from below, warmer, less dense material rises toward the crust, while cooler, denser material sinks back down. This convection process drives plate tectonics and influences the movement of Earth's lithosphere.
The heating of Earth through convection occurs in the mantle, where the heat from the core causes the molten rock to circulate in convection currents. As the hot material rises and the cooler material sinks, it creates a continuous cycle of heat transfer, which ultimately warms the Earth's surface through the process of convection.