Unlike Earth and other solid objects, the entire Sun doesn't rotate at the same rate of gas and plasma, different parts of the Sun spin at different rates.
The sun facing half is heated by the Sun, so it is hot. The half facing away form the Sun is in shadow so this half is cool.
The sun warms the surface of the earth during the day. At night, especially a clear night, that heat rises from the earth into the atmosphere, lowering the temperature.
The main reason is that Mercury has almost no atmosphere which would hold the heat in. So the temperature on the side which is facing away from the Sun can plummet.
The Sun does not contain magma like the Earth does. The Sun is composed of plasma, which is a superheated gas of charged particles. The energy in the Sun's core comes from nuclear fusion reactions rather than the heat generated by the solidification of molten rock.
The sun provides warmth during the day, while the temperature drops during the night when the sun is gone.
Unlike Earth and other solid objects, the entire Sun doesn't rotate at the same rate of gas and plasma, different parts of the Sun spin at different rates.
The difference is great. Even on Earth, there is a temperature difference whether you're in the sun, or not, or before and after sunrise/sunset. On the moon, there is no atmosphere, so the temperature difference is great. The temperature can range up to 280 Celsius above down to -250 Celsius--close to absolute zero.
The temperature difference between sun and shade can vary, typically ranging from 10 to 20 degrees Fahrenheit. The temperature difference is influenced by factors such as cloud cover, wind speed, and surface materials that absorb and emit heat differently.
The sun facing half is heated by the Sun, so it is hot. The half facing away form the Sun is in shadow so this half is cool.
What is the difference between a sunflower.
Wikipedia gives the range of magma temperatures as normally between 700 C and 1300 C. Lava is magma that has been forced out into air or water.
The general relationship between temperature and distance from the sun is that temperature decreases as distance from the sun increases. This is because the sun is the primary source of heat in our solar system, and objects farther from the sun receive less solar energy and are therefore colder.
During summer we are closer to the sun. The sun makes our temperature increase.
The sun warms the surface of the earth during the day. At night, especially a clear night, that heat rises from the earth into the atmosphere, lowering the temperature.
The main reason is that Mercury has almost no atmosphere which would hold the heat in. So the temperature on the side which is facing away from the Sun can plummet.
The Sun does not contain magma like the Earth does. The Sun is composed of plasma, which is a superheated gas of charged particles. The energy in the Sun's core comes from nuclear fusion reactions rather than the heat generated by the solidification of molten rock.