All of them, at different times. The inner planets Mercury and Venus are the only two that always appear quite close to the Sun.
Superior planets (those outside Earth's orbit) appear brightest when they are at opposition, which is when they are on the opposite side of Earth from the Sun. This is when they are closest to Earth and fully illuminated by the Sun.
The planets appear small from Earth because of their great distance from us. Even though they are large celestial bodies, their size pales in comparison to the vastness of space. Our perspective from Earth makes them appear small in the night sky.
The planets within the asteroid belt, usually rocky planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.
All the planets have temperatures that cover a larger range than that. The Earth goes from about -70 to about +55 degrees C.
Uranus rotates on its side as seen from Earth. Its axis of rotation is tilted at an angle of approximately 98 degrees, causing it to appear as though it is rotating on its side compared to most other planets in our solar system.
All planets except Mercury can appear 50 degrees from the Sun.
Yes, the moon and visible planets in our solar system are typically within a few degrees of the ecliptic, which is the plane of Earth's orbit around the sun. This is because they all orbit the sun in roughly the same plane, so they appear to move along the same path in the sky as seen from Earth.
Venus and Mercury
The earth is a planet, it has no known planets within.
This may appear so from a Solar System perspective. The degrees of inclination range from 3.38 degrees for Mercury to Earth (which has the largest) with 7.55 degrees of inclination from the Sun's equator.
Other planets appear shiny from Earth for the same reason the moon does, we see the other planets' reflected sunlight.
Superior planets (those outside Earth's orbit) appear brightest when they are at opposition, which is when they are on the opposite side of Earth from the Sun. This is when they are closest to Earth and fully illuminated by the Sun.
The planets appear small from Earth because of their great distance from us. Even though they are large celestial bodies, their size pales in comparison to the vastness of space. Our perspective from Earth makes them appear small in the night sky.
The planets within the asteroid belt, usually rocky planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.
All the planets have temperatures that cover a larger range than that. The Earth goes from about -70 to about +55 degrees C.
The Moon, Sun and planets all appear in a strip of sky called the ecliptic. It is a plane defined by the plane of the Earth's orbit and the Sun is always on the ecliptic, while the Moon and planets stay close to it.
Because the Earth and all the planets move in orbits round the Sun, while the stars appear to be fixed if we disregard the Earth's daily rotation.