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Each column on the periodic table is called group.There are 18 groups in total.For example 17th group belongs to Halogens.
Elements with the same number of valence electrons are in the same group (or vertical column).
A family on the periodic table is a group of elements that share similar chemical properties due to their similar electron configurations. Each family is represented by a column on the periodic table, such as the alkali metals in Group 1 or the halogens in Group 17.
Each horizontal row in a table or spreadsheet is called a "row" or sometimes a "record."
the number of protons