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DNA contains the instructions for building proteins, which determine an organism's traits. The sequence is: DNA → RNA → proteins → traits of an organism. This process is known as the central dogma of molecular biology.
Protein molecules are made up of amino acid units, which are linked together in a specific sequence to form a polypeptide chain. The unique sequence of amino acids in a protein determines its structure and function.
The cell nucleus contains the "blueprints" for the production of protein. The "blueprints" are the DNA contained within the nucleus. DNA is often called the blueprint of life.
Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) is a protein found in certain plants, particularly in legumes like red kidney beans. It does not have a specific chemical structure or molecular formula like organic compounds, as it is a complex protein made up of numerous amino acids arranged in a specific sequence.
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