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The extracts obtained from the plants or any antibiotic preparations were used for studying their antibacterial activity. A loop full of bacterial strain was inoculated in 30 ml of Nutrient broth in a conical flask and incubated for 72 hrs to get active strain by using agar well diffusion method. Muller Hinton Agar was poured into Petri dishes. After solidification 0.25 ml of test strains were inoculated in the media separately. Care was taken to ensure proper
homogenization. The experiment was performed under strict aseptic conditions. After the medium solidified, a well was made in the plates with sterile borer (5mm).The extract compound (50 μl) was introduced into the well and plates were incubated at 37°C for 72 hrs. All samples were tested in triplicates. Microbial growth was determined by measuring the diameter of zone of
inhibition14. A control with standard antibiotic was kept for all test strains and the control activity was deducted from the test and results were recorded.
Agar well diffusion is a technique used in microbiology to test the antimicrobial activity of substances. It involves creating wells in agar plates which are then filled with the test substance. If the substance has antimicrobial properties, it will diffuse through the agar and inhibit the growth of microorganisms around the well.
It is a type of test; (soft) agar, a Jell-O like substance, is poured onto a plate and when it solidifies small holes or 'wells' are dug out and filled with a desired substance or solution.
Bigger molecules won't be able to diffuse through the agar. Sometimes multiple wells are made a short distance away from each other to test if two diffused substances will form a precipitate when they meet (which shows up as a cloudy area in the agar).
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Why is diffusion slower in the agar than in water?
Diffusion is slower in agar than in water because agar is a gelatinous substance that contains solid particles which obstruct the free movement of molecules. This impedes the diffusion of molecules through the agar compared to the unrestricted movement in water, which lacks solid particles.
What is the effect of size of uptake on diffusion in agar?
larger the size, the smaller the surface area to volume ratio, hence the slower the rate of diffusion into the agar jelly :)
What process would cause acid to move through agar jelly?
Acid can move through agar jelly by a process called diffusion, where molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. The acid molecules will spread evenly throughout the agar jelly until they reach equilibrium.
Explain the function of the 0.1 percent agar in the nitrate medium?
The 0.1 percent agar in the nitrate medium helps solidify the medium, providing a semi-solid surface for microbial growth. It allows for the diffusion of nitrate and other nutrients while preventing the medium from becoming too runny. This agar concentration is commonly used in preparation of solid media for various microbiological tests.
How the amylase would spread into the agar jelly?
Amylase would spread into the agar jelly through diffusion, as the enzyme molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. The amylase will break down the starch in the agar jelly into smaller molecules like maltose, which will diffuse away from the point of origin.
What is the principle of agar diffusion method?
The principle of agar diffusion method is based on the diffusion of an antimicrobial agent from a sample into an agar medium containing a test organism. The size of the zone of inhibition that forms around the sample is used to determine the effectiveness of the antimicrobial agent against the test organism.
Why is diffusion slower in the agar than in water?
Diffusion is slower in agar than in water because agar is a gelatinous substance that contains solid particles which obstruct the free movement of molecules. This impedes the diffusion of molecules through the agar compared to the unrestricted movement in water, which lacks solid particles.
What is the effect of size of uptake on diffusion in agar?
larger the size, the smaller the surface area to volume ratio, hence the slower the rate of diffusion into the agar jelly :)
In the diffusion of liquids through agar what characteristic of liquid determines the rate at which it will travel through the agar?
The size of the molecules.
What is the effect of the chloride ion concentration on its rate of diffusion in agar?
Increasing the chloride ion concentration will generally increase its rate of diffusion in agar. This is because a higher concentration gradient will drive chloride ions to diffuse more rapidly through the agar medium. Ultimately, diffusion rate is directly proportional to the concentration gradient of the solute.
What process would cause acid to move through agar jelly?
Acid can move through agar jelly by a process called diffusion, where molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. The acid molecules will spread evenly throughout the agar jelly until they reach equilibrium.
What evidence is there that sodium hydroxide diffuses into an agar block?
One way to demonstrate the diffusion of sodium hydroxide into an agar block is to immerse the block in a sodium hydroxide solution and observe a color change in the agar due to the pH increase from the diffusion of hydroxide ions. Another method is to measure the change in pH at various points within the agar block over time after exposure to sodium hydroxide, showing the penetration of the chemical into the block. Additionally, using indicator dyes in the agar block can visually represent the diffusion of sodium hydroxide through the color change of the dyes.
How does the thickness of agar affect the diameter of the zone of inhibition?
A thicker layer of agar may lead to a larger zone of inhibition due to the increased diffusion distance for the antimicrobial agent. The agar thickness can influence the rate of diffusion of the antimicrobial agent into the agar, impacting the size of the zone of inhibition formed around the antimicrobial disk.
Explain the function of the 0.1 percent agar in the nitrate medium?
The 0.1 percent agar in the nitrate medium helps solidify the medium, providing a semi-solid surface for microbial growth. It allows for the diffusion of nitrate and other nutrients while preventing the medium from becoming too runny. This agar concentration is commonly used in preparation of solid media for various microbiological tests.
Does potassium permanganate dye diffuse more rapidly through water of agar gel?
Potassium permanganate dye diffuses more rapidly through water compared to agar gel. This is because water has fewer obstacles for the dye molecules to move through, while agar gel creates a more viscous environment with a more structured matrix that hinders diffusion.
What type of semisolid medium is used to grow bacteria?
Agar is a common semisolid medium used to grow bacteria. It is made from seaweed and provides a solid surface for bacteria to grow on while allowing for easy diffusion of nutrients. Agar can be poured into Petri dishes or test tubes for bacterial culture.
How the amylase would spread into the agar jelly?
Amylase would spread into the agar jelly through diffusion, as the enzyme molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. The amylase will break down the starch in the agar jelly into smaller molecules like maltose, which will diffuse away from the point of origin.
