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A protogalactic cloud is a cloud consisting of approximatel 70% hydrogen and 30% helium. These clouds formed in the early universe and are the building blocks of galaxies. In the early universe tiny differences in temperature and pressure (see cosmic microwave background) caused newly formed matter to clump together into large gas clouds. As these clouds gained mass they began to collapse under their own gravity. The centre of the collapsing clouds condensed and formed early stars. The high pressures caused further collapse and both free gasses and early stars further collapse to form a giant black hole. The gravitational effects of this black hole cause the cloud to begin rotating. The rotation causes what is known as an accretion disc. This disk forms the plane of the galaxy which will one day contain the spiral arms. Over time gravity causes dense clumps of gas to collect and stars form. Over billions of years this process forms the spiral galaxies we see today. Elliptical galaxies are formed by the collapse of two or more spiral galaxies into one another.

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βˆ™ 13y ago
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βˆ™ 5mo ago

A protogalactic cloud is a large, diffuse mass of gas that eventually collapses under its own gravity to form a galaxy. These clouds are early stages in the formation of galaxies and are key in understanding how structures in the universe evolve over time. They consist of mostly hydrogen and helium gas with small amounts of heavier elements.

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Q: What is a protogalactic cloud?
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Related questions

What is a gaseous cloud of helium and hydrogen that eventually condensed down to form the stars in galaxies?

protogalactic cloud


Is a protogalactic cloud with very little angular momentum is more likely to form an elliptical galaxy or a spiral galaxy?

The higher gas density forms stars more efficiently, so all the gas is converted into stars before a disk can form.


What types of protogalactic clouds is most likely to form an elliptical galaxy?

Protogalactic clouds that have a high angular momentum and a significant amount of gas and dust are more likely to form an elliptical galaxy. These clouds experience rapid, chaotic collapse and undergo turbulent mixing, leading to the formation of a dynamically relaxed and spheroidal galaxy like an elliptical. Moreover, a low rate of ongoing star formation and a lack of well-defined spiral structure are characteristics of elliptical galaxies, which can be traced back to the properties of the protogalactic clouds.


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