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The term hard and soft acid is a qualitative one which refers to the polarizability of the acid (and typically refers only to Lewis acids). A soft acid is one that is highly polarizable, whereas a hard acid is one that is not polarizable.
For more information, and a list of many examples of hard and soft acids, see the Web Links to the left.
In the context of the hard and soft acid-base theory, a hard acid is one that has a high affinity for small, highly charged atoms or ions, whereas a soft acid is one that prefers to bond with larger, more polarizable atoms or ions. It is a qualitative way to describe the reactivity and bonding preferences of different acids based on their electronic structure.
The acceptor atoms are larger, have lower positive charge, have unshared pair of electrons in their valence shell. Also they have higher polarisability and lower electronegativity.
Soft bases:The donor atoms are smaller, have higher positive charge, donot have unshared pair of electrons in their valence shell. Also they have higher polarisability and lower electronegativity. They are easily oxidised and the valence electrons are loosely held.
Hard acids:The acceptor atoms are smaller in size, have higher positive charge, no unshared pair of electrons in their valence shell. Also they have lower polarisability and higher electronegativity.
Hard bases:The donor atoms have higher electronegativity, lower polarisability, difficult to oxidise. The valence electrons are held tightlyAdd your answer:
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Is plastic soft?
Plastic can be soft or hard, depending on its composition and processing. Some plastics are engineered to be flexible and soft, while others are rigid and hard.
Is guava fruit's seed hard or soft?
Its hard
Is dolomite soft or hard rock?
It is a limestone, hard.
Is it hard or soft?
well It Is hard because all rocks are hard
What chemical property do lemons and soft drinks have in common?
Lemons and soft drinks both contain citric acid, a weak organic acid that gives them a sour taste. Citric acid is commonly used as a preservative and flavoring agent in food and beverages. This chemical property contributes to the acidic pH of both lemons and soft drinks.
Is brown soft or hard?
Hard
Is soft cheese the same as cream cheese?
soft cheeses are typically easier to digest than hard. Hard cheese requires an acid environment, much like meat in order to digest.
Is breakwater hard or soft engineering?
it is hard and sometimes soft
Is a black coral is a type a hard or soft?
hard
What is the different of soft bones and hard bones?
soft you can bend and hard you can not
What kind of acid is a softdrink?
Citric acid is found in most soft drinks.Carbonic acid
Does sodium chloride and iodine react?
They do not react based on hard-soft acid base theory. Na+ is a hard acid, Cl-is a hard base, and even if I-were formed, it's a soft base and therefore would not replace Cl-in sodium chloride.
Is neptunium hard or soft?
Soft
Are Dolphins Hard Or Soft?
soft
Is treated wood soft or hard?
"Treated wood can be soft or hard." But, generally what is bought from a lumberyard is soft.
What does solid feels like is it hard or soft?
Solid is hard. It is nt soft.
Is larch hard wood or soft?
is larch wood soft or hard wood
