If stroke volume increases, more blood is pumped out of the heart with each contraction. This results in an increase in cardiac output, which is the amount of blood pumped by the heart in one minute. An increase in stroke volume can also lead to a drop in heart rate to maintain overall cardiac output.
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As you get fitter, your stroke volume typically increases. This is because regular exercise improves the efficiency of your heart, allowing it to pump out more blood with each beat. This increased stroke volume means your heart doesn't have to work as hard during physical activity.
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Stroke volume typically increases in response to increased preload, which is the volume of blood filling the heart during diastole. This increased preload stretches the heart muscle, leading to a more forceful contraction and higher stroke volume.
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When you increase the stroke volume, the pump rate can decrease. This is known as the Frank-Starling mechanism, where the heart adjusts its rate based on the volume of blood returning to it. The increased stroke volume leads to more efficient pumping, allowing the heart to beat at a slightly slower rate to maintain cardiac output.