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Plate tectonics theory, which starts with the radioactive decay heating in the core and mantle of the earth, which drives convection currents in the mantle, the crust of the earth which is broken up into plates floats on the mantle and is pushed around by the convection currents. The end results are the plates grinding against each other and/or breaking (causing earthquakes) and also ocean plates subducting under continental plates then melting (causing volcanic arcs, e.g. The Pacific Ring of Fire) and mantle plumes penetrating through the crust (causing hotspot volcanoes, e.g. Hawaii, Yellowstone, Iceland)

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10y ago
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4mo ago

Earthquakes are caused by the movement of tectonic plates along faults in the Earth's crust. When the stress from this movement becomes too great, it is released in the form of seismic waves. Volcanic eruptions occur when magma rises to the Earth's surface through cracks and weak points in the crust, leading to explosions or lava flows.

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Q: What explains earthquakes and volcanic eruptions?
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