Superscripts tend to be reserved for exponents, charge symbols and very little else. Subscripts commonly show what type of data is on display. For example if you have variable "t" in your equation (=time) then subscript "0" would mean when t=0...in other words, at the start of the experiment. Rate constant (K) is also prone to having subscripts attached, again they tell you about what this K relates to. Seeing "obs" as subscript tells you this is an observed rate constant, one that has been gained via experimental procedure rather than theoretical calculation.
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Incomplete dominance is typically denoted with a subscript to indicate the blending of traits in heterozygous individuals.
The number of atoms of the same element in the molecule
It is called a subscript. For example: In the formula for water (H2O), 2 is the subscript indicating that there are 2 hydrogen atoms in the compound .
In chemical compounds, subscripts indicate how many of that element are present in the compound, compared to the rest of the compound.In MgCl2, the subscript indicates that there are two chlorine atoms for every atom of magnesium.
The small number used to represent the number of ions of a given element in a chemical formula is called a subscript. Subscripts are written to the right of the element's symbol and indicate the number of atoms or ions present.