Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS): a salty solution of constant pH to keep tissues, cells, and proteins intact during maceration
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Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS): a salty solution of constant
pH to keep tissues, cells, and proteins intact during
maceration
Red blood cells do not have a nucleus or organelles, which are essential for DNA extraction. Without a nucleus, RBCs lack the DNA needed for extraction. White blood cells, on the other hand, do have a nucleus and contain DNA, making them suitable for DNA extraction.
Extraction buffer is added to isolate DNA because it helps break down the cell membrane and nuclear envelope to release the DNA. It also helps in denaturing proteins that may interfere with DNA extraction, and stabilizes the DNA once it is released from the cell.
In addition to DNA, impurities in a DNA extraction could include RNA, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and salts. These molecules can be co-extracted along with the DNA during the extraction process.
Trichloroacetic acid is used in DNA extraction to precipitate proteins and other contaminants from the DNA solution. This helps to separate the DNA from other cellular components, making it easier to isolate and purify the DNA for downstream applications.
Baking soda helps to neutralize the acidic environment in the DNA extraction process, which can help protect the DNA molecules from breaking down. This can improve the efficiency of the extraction by increasing the yield of intact DNA.