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LaoExcitatory signals, such as neurotransmitters like glutamate, can stimulate a neuron to transmit an electrical impulse. Inhibitory signals, like neurotransmitters GABA, can prevent a neuron from transmitting by hyperpolarizing the cell membrane and decreasing the likelihood of an action potential.
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What does the process of transmitting a nerve impulse from one neuron to another involve?
The process involves the release of neurotransmitters from the presynaptic neuron into the synaptic cleft, which then bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, causing changes in its electrical potential. This initiates an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron, allowing the nerve impulse to be transmitted.
What is the name of the cells that support the transmitting cells of neuron?
neuroglia (glial cells) - approx 9 glia per 1 neuron
What are extensions of a neuron that receive signals?
Dendrites are the extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons. They are responsible for transmitting electrical impulses towards the cell body of the neuron.
What does axon terminal of motor neuron release?
The axon terminal of a motor neuron releases the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Acetylcholine is responsible for transmitting signals from the motor neuron to muscle fibers, leading to muscle contractions.
How can neurotransmitters inhibit or excite a postsynaptic neurons?
Neurotransmitters can inhibit a postsynaptic neuron by binding to inhibitory receptors, which can open channels that allow negatively charged ions like chloride to enter the neuron, making it more negative and less likely to fire. On the other hand, neurotransmitters can excite a postsynaptic neuron by binding to excitatory receptors, leading to the opening of channels that allow positively charged ions like sodium to enter the neuron, depolarizing it and increasing the likelihood of firing an action potential.
