Answer (1):
I apologize for my answer but physicists assume everything is round. It just makes the math easier.
Answer (2):
Saying that an object is round suggests that it can be observed (seen, touched, tasted... well maybe not tasted). Quantum theory describes the behavior of objects too small to be seen, even in principle. Unfortunately it is impossible to even imagine what an electron "looks" like. This fact does not stop us from attempting to imagine it, and what we produce in our mind's eye is an electron that looks like a sphere of charge, or an electron that looks like a cloud of fog distributed through space, or some other model of an electron which is in some way not entirely correct.
No, not all objects are round in quantum theory. Objects in quantum theory can have various shapes and forms, and their behavior is described by their quantum wavefunction, which can be in a variety of configurations. The roundness of an object is a classical concept that does not necessarily apply at the quantum level.
Classical mechanics is the alternative to quantum mechanics. It is a branch of physics that describes the motion of macroscopic objects using principles established by Isaac Newton. Unlike quantum mechanics, classical mechanics assumes that objects have definite positions and velocities at all times.
One alternative to the standard quantum mechanics theory is the pilot-wave theory, also known as Bohmian mechanics. This theory proposes that particles have definite positions and trajectories, guided by a wave function. It aims to provide a deterministic account of quantum phenomena without relying on wavefunction collapse.
The theory of the quantum internet involves using quantum entanglement to create a secure communication network that is resistant to eavesdropping. It aims to enable the transmission of quantum information between distant nodes for applications such as quantum cryptography, quantum teleportation, and quantum computing. Research is ongoing to develop the necessary technologies for a practical quantum internet.
Quantum relativity theory aims to combine quantum mechanics (which describes the behavior of particles on a very small scale) with general relativity (which explains gravity on a large scale). This theory is still under development and seeks to address the inconsistencies between the two theories, especially in extreme conditions like near black holes or the early universe. The goal is to find a unified framework that can describe the universe at all scales.
There is unlikely to be a successor to a quantum theory of light, by the definition that the quantum theory of light is that "Light is made up of discernible particles", has very strong evidence to support it, and no alternative explanation has yet been found to explain such effects as the photoelectric effect.If you mean quantum electrodynamics, the section of the standard model of particle physics that explains light, electricity and magnetism, and therefore the standard model of particle interaction, then the only answer is that absolutely nobody knows. In fact, finding a successor to the standard model, which despite being one of the best theories ever developed is full of more holes than the titanic if taken as a theory of everything, is one of the biggest deals in all of science.One possible successor to the theory of quantum electrodynamics is the section of superstring theory that explains electromagnetism, but there are many who don't think string theory will be the answer to physics' problems, and certainly string theorists have yet to find any strong evidence supporting their theories.
Classical mechanics is the alternative to quantum mechanics. It is a branch of physics that describes the motion of macroscopic objects using principles established by Isaac Newton. Unlike quantum mechanics, classical mechanics assumes that objects have definite positions and velocities at all times.
The study of microscopic stuff.
String theory is one of the leading candidates for a theory of everything, that is, a theory that unifies all 4 basic forces of nature, viz, gravity, the electromagnetic force, the strong force and the weak force. The last 3 forces mentioned above are described by quantum mechanics. This is the link between quantum mechanics and string theory. ps- If you believe in watertight definitions, then quantum mechanics is all the quantum theory till Dirac's equation. I'm taking quantum mechanics as the theory of the small as such, that is, all of the phenomena of the small from Plank till the standard model and beyond.
Not sure what you mean by "derive" quantum theory; that's along the lines of "deriving" gravity. In our Universe, quantum theory is the only one we've developed that matches experimental evidence. In all cases, quantum theory was developed mathematically simply because no other explanation existed that would match what occurs in our Universe. Whether we like it or not, whether we really understand it or not, we are in a Universe that obeys quantum theory.
One alternative to the standard quantum mechanics theory is the pilot-wave theory, also known as Bohmian mechanics. This theory proposes that particles have definite positions and trajectories, guided by a wave function. It aims to provide a deterministic account of quantum phenomena without relying on wavefunction collapse.
The theory of the quantum internet involves using quantum entanglement to create a secure communication network that is resistant to eavesdropping. It aims to enable the transmission of quantum information between distant nodes for applications such as quantum cryptography, quantum teleportation, and quantum computing. Research is ongoing to develop the necessary technologies for a practical quantum internet.
A quantum field is a physical field defined in quantum field theory, which is a theoretical framework that combines quantum mechanics and special relativity. These fields describe the fundamental interactions between particles and can be thought of as excitations or vibrations in a field that permeates all of space.
First of all, its Max Planck, and it was in 1900.
Atomic theory. And in much more weird detail: quantum physics.
The set theory is a branch of mathematics that studies collections of objects called sets. The set theory explains nearly all definitions of mathematical objects.
The Geocentric Theory states that the Earth is the center of the universe, and that all other objects orbit around it. The Heliocentric Theory states that the Sun is the center of the universe, and all other objects orbit around it. Of course, the Heliocentric Theory is correct, since all astronomical objects orbit around the Sun.
Atomic theory. And in much more weird detail: quantum physics.