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These particles are called atoms.
This tiny grain is called pollen grain.
A molecule is a tiny group of two or more atoms bonded together. These atoms can be of the same element or different elements, depending on the composition of the molecule. Molecules are the smallest units of chemical compounds that retain the properties of that compound.
The tiny hairlike parts on plant roots are called root hairs. Root hairs are responsible for absorbing water and nutrients from the soil, and they greatly increase the surface area of the root for this purpose.
It is a mixture, mostly the compound sodium chloride (NaCl, salt) and a tiny amount of potassium iodide, which supplies a dietary need for iodine, specifically in the thyroid gland.