The term diploid is an adjective, not a noun. You might ask how many diploid cells are in humans. The answer is, many trillions. Most human cells are diploid. Only the gametes are haploid.
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The parent cell is diploid. The daughter cells are haploid.
Deleterious mutations can be quickly eliminated in haploids because there is no masking effect from a second copy of the gene. In diploids, the presence of a functional copy of the gene on the other chromosome can compensate for the deleterious mutation, allowing it to persist in the population. In haploids, the deleterious effects are more pronounced because there is only one copy of the gene, leading to faster elimination through natural selection.
Sex chromosomes include the X and Y chromosomes which determine an individual's biological sex. In humans, females typically have two X chromosomes (XX) and males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY). These chromosomes carry genes that control the development of sexual characteristics.
The chromosome number after meiosis is denoted as haploid, meaning that the cells have half the number of chromosomes compared to the original cell. In humans, the chromosome number after meiosis is 23.