It depends on the trait. Some traits exhibit simple Mendelian heredity, being governed by only one gene. However, many traits are governed by more than one gene, which is called polygenic inheritance.
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The least number is 2, however this is very rare. Most traits require many genes to produce a trait.
Polygenic trait.
A genetic trait.
epistasis
This condition is known as polygenic inheritance. It involves multiple genes contributing to a trait, and the expression of these genes can be influenced by environmental factors. The combination of genetic and environmental influences leads to a wide range of variation in the trait.