How every many it takes to achieve a stable valence shell. Most of the time this is 8.
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Most atoms seek to have a full outer electron shell, consisting of 8 electrons (or 2 electrons in the case of hydrogen and helium). This is known as the octet rule. However, there are exceptions to this rule for certain elements.
An atom of helium has 2 electrons.
13
Sodium has 11 electrons.
Copper atom has 29 electrons.Uranium atom has 92 electrons.
A phosphorus atom has 15 electrons.