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How does this row reflect the subshells of the second shell?
The second period (row) on the periodic table consists of elements that are filling the 2nd energy level, from 2s1 in lithium to 2s22p6 in neon.
How many electrons will there be in each atom of lithium?
Each atom of lithium will have 3 electrons. Two electrons will fill the 1s orbital, and the third electron will occupy the 2s orbital, following the electron configuration of 1s^2 2s^1.
How many total electrons does an atom possess if it has the first two electron orbitals completed?
An atom with the first two electron orbitals completed would have 10 total electrons. The first electron orbital can hold up to 2 electrons (2 in the s subshell), and the second electron orbital can hold up to 8 electrons (2 in the s subshell and 6 in the p subshell).
Suppose you could see a 2s subshell and a 2p subshell. How could you tell them apart?
You can differentiate between a 2s and a 2p subshell based on their shape. The 2s subshell is spherically symmetric and has one orbital. On the other hand, the 2p subshell has a dumbbell shape and consists of three orbitals: px, py, and pz, each oriented along separate axes.
How can you tell the doffermce between 2s subshell and 2p subshell?
You can tell the difference between a 2s sub-shell and 2p sub-shell from their energy levels, because a 2p sub-shell is a higher energy level than a 2s sub-shell.
