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How can natural selection favor different phenotypes at different times?
Natural selection can favor different phenotypes at different times if the environment changes or if there are fluctuations in selective pressures. For example, a phenotype that is advantageous in one season may become less favorable in another season due to changes in temperature or resource availability. This can lead to the selection of different traits within a population over time.
Natural selection will never favor those members of a population that have an extreme variation of a trait?
Natural selection can favor extreme variations of traits if they provide a survival advantage. For example, in a changing environment, individuals with extreme traits may be better suited to survive and reproduce. However, extreme traits can also come with disadvantages that may make individuals less likely to survive and reproduce.
Tends to favor phenotypes at one extreme of the range of variation?
This is called directional selection, where the environment selects for individuals with traits at one extreme of the phenotypic range. Over time, this can lead to a shift in the average phenotype toward that extreme.
What is the role of the environment in the selection of the future selection that will prevail in a given area?
The environment plays a key role in natural selection by exerting pressures that favor certain traits over others. Organisms with advantageous traits for a specific environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on those traits to future generations. Over time, this process leads to the selection of traits that are well-suited to the specific environmental conditions of a given area.
Why do disruptive selection pressures tend to favor rapid evolutionary changes?
Disruptive selection pressures favor rapid evolutionary changes because they create strong selective pressures on extreme phenotypic traits, driving the population towards the extremes and away from the average. This results in a rapid shift in the population's genetic makeup towards the extreme traits, facilitating rapid adaptation to new environmental conditions.
