The mechanisms that restrict gene flow is called reproductive isolating mechanisms. It is achieved through specific breeding requirements which may be physical or physiological. Example-The amazing partnership of the Bucket orchid and orchid bee is so precise that if either one went extinct, the other would follow,. No other orchid can possibly cross-pollinate the Bucket Orchid.
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This condition may refer to either geographic isolation, where populations are separated by physical barriers, or reproductive isolation, where individuals are unable to interbreed successfully. Geographic isolation can lead to reproductive isolation over time as populations differentiate in isolation.
it stops gene flow
Reproductive isolation can lead to the formation of new species through the prevention of gene flow between populations. This can result in the development of unique genetic traits and adaptations in each isolated population. Over time, reproductive isolation can contribute to the biodiversity of an ecosystem.
when the male and female unites
Natural selection leads to changes in a population over time as individuals with advantageous traits survive and reproduce, passing those traits to their offspring. If these changes accumulate and lead to reproductive isolation between populations, new species can form through a process called speciation. This can occur through geographical isolation, reproductive isolation, or genetic mutations that create barriers to interbreeding.