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How can proteins be analyzed by chromatography?
A solution of amino acids is spotted onto a piece of chromatography paper which is then placed into a container filled with a suitable solvent. A dye is used so that the position of the amino acids along the piece of paper can be seen. The distances travelled by the amino acids are measured to calculate their retention factors (Rf) values. These are then compared to known standards.
How many proteins are in the human body?
I've seen numbers ranging from 100,000 to two million.
What does functional protein look like?
Briefly, proteins (polypeptides) look like amino acids chained together; look at the link below for a detailed description of proteins' appearance. Proteins have a couple different levels of structure including the primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary. At the primary structure, proteins are just linked amino acids through peptide bonds. Amino acids have the same general structure with a variable R-group. At the secondary structure, the chemical properties of the amino acids form hydrogen bonds with each other and give shape to the protein. The two general shapes of proteins at the secondary structure: alpha helices and beta-pleated sheets. An alpha helix looks like a spiral while a beta-pleated sheet looks like stairs. See the related links below for images. The tertiary structure is characterized by further interactions by the R-groups on the amino acids. Various bonds can distort the alpha helix or beta-pleated sheet such as ionic bonds, disulfide bridges, covalent bonds, and hydrophobic interactions. The complete protein is seen at the quaternary structure, which is the arrangements of polypeptides into a single macromolecule.
Are peptide bonds found in DNA?
Well... SORT of. Technically, the bases contain the NCO (amide) moiety that characterizes a peptide bond. However, they occur in heterocyclic rings, and it's stretching a point to call them "peptide bonds" since they're not linking two peptide residues. Also, they're in the cis-form, which is atypical of peptide bonds.
What is sterified fatty acids?
Sterified fatty acids are fatty acids that have undergone the process of esterification, which involves the attachment of a fatty acid to a glycerol molecule to form a triglyceride. This process is commonly seen in the synthesis of fats and oils in living organisms.
