Originally brass instruments had no valves. As the industrial age came about, improved machining techniques allowed instrument makers to fit brass instruments with valves and develop new brass instruments. Whole new, families of instruments with members of different ranges were developed. The tuba is in the same family as the trumpet. Other types of brass instruments developed during this time which did not "catch on," such as the Saxhorns and Wagner Tubas which of course had individual members of different ranges - soprano, alto, tenor, bass. Simply put; the tuba was developed to fill out the bottom of the brass section and it was the one that "caught on".
Prussian Patent No. 19 was granted to Wilhelm Friedrich Wieprecht and Carl Moritz on September 12, 1835 for a "basstuba" in F1. The original Wieprecht and Moritz instrument used five valves of the Berlinerpumpen type that were the forerunners of the modern rotary valve. The addition of valves made it possible to play low in the harmonic series of the instrument and still have a complete selection of notes. Prior to the invention of valves, brass instruments were limited to notes in the harmonic series, and were thus generally played very high with respect to their fundamental pitch. Harmonics starting three octaves above the fundamental pitch are about a whole step apart, making a useful variety of notes possible. The ophicleide used a cup-shaped brass instrument mouthpiece but employed keys and tone holes similar to those of a modern saxophone. Another forerunner to the tuba was the serpent, a bass brass instrument that was shaped in a wavy form to make the tone holes accessible to the player. Tone holes changed the pitch by providing an intentional leak in the bugle of the instrument. While this changed the pitch, it also had a pronounced effect on the timbre. By using valves to adjust the length of the bugle the tuba produced a smoother tone that eventually led to its popularity. Adolphe Sax, like Wieprecht, was interested in marketing systems of instruments from soprano to bass, and developed a series of brass instruments known as saxhorns. The instruments developed by Sax were generally pitched in E-flat and B-flat, while the Wieprecht "basstuba" and the subsequent Cerveny contrabass tuba were pitched in F and C (see below on pitch systems). Sax's instruments gained dominance in France, and later in Britain and America, as a result of the popularity and movements of instrument makers such as Gustave Auguste Besson (who moved from France to Britain) and Henry Distin (who found his way eventually to America).
Wagner had eight siblings, five sisters, Clara, Luise, Ottilie, Rosalie, and Maria Theresia, and three brothers, Carl Julius, Albert, and Carl Gustav. Richard was the ninth child, and his father died of typhus when he was only 6 months old. He was raised by his mother's second husband, Ludwig Geyer.
Musicians were common to the Bach family. At the time of Sebastian, there were 50 musical members. His sons -Carl Philipp Emanuel, Johann Christian, Wilhelm Friedemann, and Johann Christoph Friedrich-became composers in their own right.
Carl Orff was a German composer.
Carl Moritz Gottsche died in 1892.
Carl Moritz Gottsche was born in 1808.
Bernhard Moritz Carl Ludwig Riedel died in 1916.
Bernhard Moritz Carl Ludwig Riedel was born in 1846.
Originally brass instruments had no valves. As the industrial age came about, improved machining techniques allowed instrument makers to fit brass instruments with valves and develop new brass instruments. Whole new, families of instruments with members of different ranges were developed. The tuba is in the same family as the trumpet. Other types of brass instruments developed during this time which did not "catch on," such as the Saxhorns and Wagner Tubas which of course had individual members of different ranges - soprano, alto, tenor, bass. Simply put; the tuba was developed to fill out the bottom of the brass section and it was the one that "caught on".
Carl Wilhelm Verhoeff has written: 'Karl Wilhelm Verhoeff'
Carl Wilhelm Hahn was born in 1786.
Carl Wilhelm Hahn died in 1835.
Carl Wilhelm Kern was born in 1874.
Carl Wilhelm Kern died in 1945.
Carl Wilhelm Tölcke died in 1893.
Carl Wilhelm Wirtz was born in 1876.