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Scapulohumeral rhythm:(describes the timing of movement at these joints during shoulder elevation.)
  1. first 30 degrees of shoulder elevation involves a "setting phase":
    • The movement is largely glenohumeral.
    • Scapulothoracic movement is small and inconsistent.
  2. after the first 30 degrees of shoulder elevation:
    • The glenohumeral and scapulothoracic joints move simultaneously.
    • Overall 2:1 ratio of glenohumeral to scapulothoracic movement.

You can observe scapulohumeral rhythm by palpating the scapula's position as a person elevates the shoulder. Helpful scapular landmarks for palpation are the base of the spine and the inferior angle.

Scapulohumeral rhythm serves at least two purposes.

  1. It preserves the length-tension relationships of the glenohumeral muscles; the muscles do not shorten as much as they would without the scapula's upward rotation, and so can sustain their force production through a larger portion of the range of motion.
  2. It prevents impingement between the humerus and the acromion. Because of the difference in size between the glenoid fossa and the humeral head, subacromial impingement can occur unless relative movement between the humerus and scapula is limited. Simultaneous movement of the humerus and scapula during shoulder elevation limits relative (arthrokinematic) movement between the two bones.
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Q: What is scapulohumeral rhythm?
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What is the difference in normal and abnormal scapulohumeral rhythm?

Normal scapulohumeral rhythm involves coordinated movement between the shoulder blade (scapula) and upper arm bone (humerus) during arm elevation, with a specific ratio of movement occurring between the two. Abnormal scapulohumeral rhythm refers to any deviation from this normal pattern, which can lead to shoulder dysfunction, pain, and reduced range of motion.


What muscles are active in scapulohumeral rhythm?

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What is mechanism of glenohumeral rhythm?

Glenohumeral rhythm is the coordinated movement pattern between the scapula and humerus during arm elevation. The humerus moves the first 30 degrees of abduction, followed by a combined movement of the scapula and humerus in a 2:1 ratio. This rhythm helps to maintain the optimal alignment of the glenoid and humeral head during elevation to prevent impingement and promote efficient shoulder motion.


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What is the medical term meaning pertaining to the scapula and humerus?

Scapulohumeral means pertaining to the scapula and humerus.


What is the medical term meaning pertaining to the shoulder blade and upper arm bone?

The medical term is "scapulohumeral" which refers to the shoulder blade (scapula) and the upper arm bone (humerus).


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