Brass instruments produce sound by the vibrating of the player's embouchure in a mouthpiece, and the valves and slides on the instrument alter the length of the tubing in the instrument which affects the pitch of the notes produced. The farther the air has to travel in the instrument the lower the pitch of the sound is, whereas the less distance the air has to travel the higher the pitch the instrument will produce.
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Brass instruments can have valves or a slide, but not reeds. Brass instruments create sound by the vibrating of the player's embouchure in a mouthpiece, and the valves and slides on the instrument change the length of the tubing in the instrument which affects the pitch of the notes produced. Reeds are used in woodwind instruments to vibrate to produce a sound instead of using a mouthpiece like in brass instruments.
Yes. Cork grease is usually made from the same ingredients as vasiline or chapstick. All three can be used as slide grease on brass instruments on tuning slides. Do not use it on valves or trombone slides though.
Valves for brass instruments weren't developed until around the year 1800.
They are called valves.
Valves!