Apartheid was a system of legal racial segregation enforced by the National Party government in South Africa between 1948 and 1994, under which the rights of the majority nonwhite inhabitants of South Africa were curtailed and minority rule by white people was maintained.
I believe the word you are lookig for is segregation, this word describes a time in the 1960's when blacks and whites were forced by law to use different buildings and services. You could also be referring to the arpartheid in South Africa.