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Bow-spears were not usually employed as weapons but as a kind of insignia carried by some members of certain warrior societies - but no doubt they were used as weapons as a last resort.

Blackfoot bows were normally made of Osage Orangewood, chokecherry or ash wood and in the region of 40 to 50 inches long.

The much longer bows used as spears would be made in much the same way, taking a perfectly straight piece of wood, either a tree limb or a piece split from a log. This was carefully scraped so that it tapered evenly towards each tip, leaving the handle section about an inch or more wide. The wood was then heated and shaped by laying it over a small log and standing on each tip, making the handle part curve towards the user. When nocks were cut and a string fitted, the tips also curved towards the archer while each limb bowed outwards towards the target.

A stone or trade metal spear head was then fitted at the top end of the bow-spear and various decorations such as strips of fur and feathers attached to buckskin or trade cloth streamers were added - these practically ensured that the thing would never be capable of shooting an arrow.

Bow-spears are known to have been part of certain warrior regalia among many other tribes, including the Assiniboin and Lakotas (Kit Fox Society).

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Q: How did the Blackfoot Indians make their Bows - Spears?
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