Mongols
Mongols Besiege
Yes there are Mongols , people living in Mongolia are mongols.
Baghdad is Baghdad, there is no former name for the city, nor Persepolis or Babylon.
Iraq "had" (and still has) a capital of Baghdad Province. That capital "was" (and still is) Baghdad City. Or were you trying to ask "What country is Baghdad the capital of"? In which case the answer would be; The capital city of Iraq is Baghdad.
1258
Mongols
Mongols Besiege
The Mongols
Many of the Mongols converted to Islam. They intermarried with the local people. Over time, the Mongols rebuilt the cities they destroyed during the invasion. In order to capture Baghdad, the Mongols laid a brutal siege upon the city in 1258. Additionally, the Mongols as a political force were expelled from Baghdad in 1341. The Mongols as an ethnic group were never a large population, this meant that after the fall of the Mongol political unit that they were quickly overcome by intermarriage and disappeared ethnically after the mid-1400s.
The Mongols invaded the muslims and burnt their capital "Baghdad". Persia was the week point were they managed to get through and beat the Abbasid Dynasty.
no
Hülegü Khan of the Mongols conquered Baghdad in 1258, effectively ending the Abbassid Caliphate.
Inevitable means that there is no possible way that it could have been avoided. As evidenced by the Mamluk victory over the Mongols at the Battle of Ain Jalut, it was possible to defeat the Mongols, so there may have been a way to prevent the Mongol razing of Baghdad in 1258. However, given that: (1) the Abbassid Caliphate (which controlled Baghdad) had been in a state of decay for nearly 200 years, (2) the ascendancy of the Mongol Empire and its near invulnerability, (3) the animosity between the empires of the Islamic World whose union would be necessary to hold off the Mongols, and (4) and the inability of Baghdad to withstand a long-term siege, it would seem that the fall of Baghdad at that time was a highly likely event.
There are quite a number of Arab Empires. Assuming you are referring to the Abbassid Caliphate, that was destroyed in 1258, when the Mongols led by Hulegu Khan razed Baghdad to the ground.
The answer you are looking for is: Baghdad. However, it is not actually correct for the question as phrased. The Abbassids were not the last Islamic Empire, Qajjar Persia was. It just happens that the Abbassids were the last Arab-Islamic Empire. Additionally, Baghdad was sacked by the Mongols, who were not Muslims at that time.
Baghdad was the capital of the ABBASSID CALIPHATE and was one of the centers of the Islamic Golden Age. It was most notable for its massive library called Beit al-Hikma (بيت الحكمة) or the House of Wisdom. After the Mongols razed Baghdad in 1258, the city lost most of its importance.