The US had many allies around the world including the NATO nations (UK, France, West Germany, Spain, Portugal, Italy, Greece, Turkey, Iceland, Luxembourg, Norway and Canada), Israel, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Philippines, South Vietnam, Thailand, Pakistan, Australia and New Zealand.
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NATO, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization led by the U.S., stood against the Warsaw Pact led by the U.S.S.R. America also belonged to S.E.A.T.O., the South East Asia Treaty Organization. Many countries which did not belong to the Soviet Bloc or the western powers joined the Nonaligned Nations.
The Soviet Union's allies during the Cold War were Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland and Romania. East Germany, China, and Cuba were informal allies of the Soviet Union during the Cold War.
Red China (until the Sino-Soviet split of 1969) and the smaller Eastern European countries of the Warsaw Pact.
Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Moldova, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan.
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Tension was the cold war. The allies were always preparing (on patrol and on manuevers) during the cold war.
The Cold War was basically a dispute between the US and the Soviet Union for the sole title of the world's only superpower. The Cold War was not literally a war, it was more of a verbal dispute and competition between the US and USSR. After WWII, the US and USSR emerged as the only two superpowers. They then fought for the spot of #1. So it was basically the US & their allies versus the Soviet Union & their allies. At this time, Germany was split into West and East Germany. West Germany was on the US side while East Germany was on the USSR side. They were involved because they were allies of either the US or USSR.
Everybody chose sides, during the Cold War. Egypt and Syria were Soviet allies, while Turkey, Israel, and Iran were US allies (this was, of course, before the revolution in which Iran became an anti-American theocracy). When Russia invaded Afghanistan, the US aided the mujaheddin.
The US joined the war on the side of the Allies on April 6, 1917.