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The aircraft carrier was preceded by the balloon barges of the US Civil War, and the first aircraft carriers were seaplane tenders that did not launch or recover planes aboard the ship. This included the French "Foudre" in 1911. The HMS Ark Royal (1914) was a seaplane carrier that experimented with shipboard launches and recovery. The first US carrier was a converted coal ship, the Jupiter, which became USS Langley in 1920. The first aircraft carrier designed with a flight deck was the Japanese carrier "Hosho" (1922), followed by the commissioning of the British carrier HMS Hermes in 1924.

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Q: Who invented the aircraft carrier?
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