When the number is either very large or very small.
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It is appropriate to use scientific notation when dealing with very large or very small numbers, particularly when the numbers have many zeroes. Scientific notation is a more compact and efficient way to express these numbers, making calculations and comparisons easier. Additionally, scientific notation is commonly used in scientific fields to express measurements and mathematical equations.
Scientific notation is especially useful if you use very large numbers, or very small numbers (numbers close to zero). I am not sure whether biologists commonly use such numbers, though.
Scientific notation - is simply 'shortening' a number - and raising it to a power. For example - instead of writing 10,000,000,000,000,000,000 - the scientific notation equivalent would be 1019 - which saves a lot of space !
You multiply each ingredient by 300. There is no need for scientific notation.
You use scientific notation when it comes to "too large" or "too small" numbers. The reasons why using scientific notation is useful are that it saves time to do the computation and also that it makes people's life easier to compute values instead of writing them out completely!
It is approx 6*10^-6 metres although the SI system allows one to use an appropriate prefix instead, and say 6 micrometres.