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It's generally easy to tell for coins made in the last 40 years or so, but harder for older ones. The most obvious way to tell a modern proof would be if the coin is in its original mint packaging that labels it as a proof coin.

Another way is if the coin is dated 1968 or later and has an S mint mark. With a few exceptions (some cents and nickels 1968-74, and SBA dollars) the San Francisco Mint has only struck proofs since it reopened.

However, older proof coins were sold in pliofilm packets or other less-substantial holders that often deteriorated or were opened. Assuming the coins were immediately repackaged, they'd have a mirror-like surface and very strong details due to the special dies used to strike proofs.

Also proof coins dated 1964 and earlier were struck only at Philadelphia so any older coin with a mint mark could be eliminated from consideration, as well as any year during which no proof coins were struck. See for ex. a site such as www.coinfacts.com that lists mintage figures for all coin denominations, years, and mint marks.

Finally the earlier "however" has its own however ... circulation coins struck from newly-mounted dies sometimes have a highly-polished surface and strong details because the die hasn't become worn yet. These are called proof-like coins and sometimes are a bit difficult to distinguish from the real thing.

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15y ago
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13y ago

Proof coins from the US and other countries have a mirror-like background and especially strong images. Because they're not intended for circulation most proof coins are sold in special holders to protect them from damage, which gives you yet another way to tell.

Also US proof coins minted since 1968 carry an S mint mark, except for 1999 proof $1 coins which were minted in Philadelphia.

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Q: How can you tell if a coin is proof?
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