You should NOT breed from your Australian Shepherd until it has had at least three seasons/heat cycles. Many breeders agree that the absolute best age to breed from a female is three years old, however, this is not necessary. You can breed responsibly from a Dog once it has had three seasons.
A female shouldn't breed on her first ever cycle.
Because she is dominant or not in heat.
After she quits bleeding.
A female should only breed up to the age of seven, a male can breed throughout his life.
No that would be very stupid. Yorkies are small and GSD's big.
You can't. They usually come into heat every six months, providing they are healthy.
It is not a different breed, but a specific gene that causes long hair in German Shepherds. A German Shepherd with long hair is still of the German Shepherd Breed.
A female shepherd is called a shepherdess, and a male shepherd is simply called a shepherd.
She will clearly show you when she is ready and in heat.
Leave the male and female together when she goes in heat.
Every single breed, in fact every single mammal on this earth has both male and female of each gender. You don't have all male dogs being a German Shepherd and no other breed or else they'll all be extinct.